Последовательность загрузки шаблонов в Django: отслеживаемая попытка

🤔 Django tried loading these templates in this order

When Django looks for a template to render, it follows a specific order. Here is the order in which Django tries to load templates:

1. It first looks in the app-specific templates directories. By default, Django searches for templates inside a folder called "templates" in each app's directory.

app_name/
    templates/
        app_name/
            template_name.html

2. If the template is not found in the app-specific templates, Django then looks in the project-level templates directory. This is the directory specified in the TEMPLATES setting in the project's settings file (settings.py).

project_name/
    templates/
        template_name.html

3. If the template is still not found, Django searches in the built-in app templates. These are the templates provided by Django itself. For example, the authentication views use templates from the built-in app called "django.contrib.auth".

4. Finally, if none of the above locations have the template, Django raises a TemplateDoesNotExist exception.

It's important to note that the order is significant. If a template with the same name exists in multiple locations, Django will use the one found first in the order described above.

django tried loading these templates in this order

In Django, when you render a template, the framework searches for the template in a specific order. If the template is not found in any of the specified locations, Django raises a TemplateDoesNotExist exception. In this article, we will explore the order in which Django tries to load templates and how it can be customized.

The Default Template Loading Process

By default, Django follows a specific algorithm for loading templates. It searches for templates in the following locations:

1. The app directories
2. The project template directories
3. The built-in Django template directories

Let's break down each step of the default template loading process.

1. The App Directories

Django looks for templates in the templates directory of each installed app. When a template name is provided, Django searches for that template within the templates directory of each app, in the order specified by the INSTALLED_APPS setting in the project's settings.py file.

For example, if you have an app called blog and you call render(request, 'blog/index.html'), Django will search for the index.html template in the templates directory of the blog app.

You can organize your templates within the templates directory by creating subdirectories. For example, if you have a template called blog/post.html, you can place it in the templates/blog directory.

2. The Project Template Directories

After searching the app directories, Django then looks for templates in the project's template directories. These directories are specified by the DIRS option of the TEMPLATES setting in the settings.py file.

You can define one or more template directories by providing the absolute path to each directory. For example:

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [
            '/path/to/first/template/directory',
            '/path/to/second/template/directory',
        ],
        ...
    },
    ...
]

When searching for a template, Django looks into these directories in the given order. You can use this feature to keep your project-specific templates separate from the app-specific templates.

3. The Built-in Django Template Directories

If the template is still not found in the app directories or project template directories, Django finally checks the built-in template directories. These directories are part of the Django framework and include templates for common components like authentication forms and admin interfaces.

You can use the built-in Django template directories by adding the APP_DIRS option to the TEMPLATES setting in the settings.py file:

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        ...
    },
    ...
]

By setting APP_DIRS to True, Django will automatically include the built-in template directories in the template search path.

Customizing the Template Loading Process

While Django's default template loading process is suitable for most projects, you can customize it to meet specific requirements. You can modify the template loading order or even add new template loaders.

1. Modifying the Template Loading Order

To modify the template loading order, you can change the order of the INSTALLED_APPS setting in the settings.py file. Django searches for the templates based on the order specified in the INSTALLED_APPS list.

For example, if you want to prioritize the templates from the blog app over the templates from the main app, you can change the order like this:

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'blog',
    'main',
    ...
]

With this modification, Django will first search for templates in the blog app before searching in the main app.

2. Adding New Template Loaders

In addition to modifying the loading order, you can also add new template loaders to handle different template sources. A template loader is a Python class that loads templates from a specific source, such as a remote service or a database.

To add a new template loader, you need to modify the TEMPLATES setting in the settings.py file. You can add multiple template loaders, each represented by a dictionary with the loader's configuration.

Here's an example of adding a custom template loader:

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [
            '/path/to/project/template/directory',
        ],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'loaders': [
                {
                    'BACKEND': 'myapp.loaders.MyCustomLoader',
                    'OPTION1': 'value1',
                    'OPTION2': 'value2',
                },
                'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
            ],
        },
    },
]

In this example, a custom template loader named MyCustomLoader is added before the default app directories loader. You can specify any number of loaders and configure them as needed.

Conclusion

In this article, we explored the default template loading process in Django and learned how templates are searched for in the app directories, project template directories, and built-in Django template directories. We also covered how to customize the template loading process by modifying the loading order and adding new template loaders.

By understanding the template loading process, you can ensure that your Django project can efficiently locate and render the templates it needs.